SQL Command Reference

SQL (Structured Query Language) is the standard language for managing and manipulating relational databases. SQL commands are grouped into categories based on the type of operation they perform.

Command Categories

• DDL (Data Definition Language): Commands that define or modify database structure — CREATE, ALTER, DROP, TRUNCATE
• DML (Data Manipulation Language): Commands that manipulate data within tables — SELECT, INSERT, UPDATE, DELETE
• Clauses: Keywords that refine queries — WHERE, ORDER BY, GROUP BY, HAVING, LIMIT
• Joins: Combine rows from two or more tables — INNER JOIN, LEFT JOIN, RIGHT JOIN, CROSS JOIN
• Functions: Built-in functions for aggregation, strings, dates, and math
• Operators: Comparison, logical, and special operators for filtering data
• DCL & TCL: Data Control Language (GRANT, REVOKE) and Transaction Control Language (COMMIT, ROLLBACK)

Common Use Cases

• Quick lookup: Find the correct syntax for any SQL command
• Learning SQL: Browse commands by category with clear examples
• Code review: Verify proper usage of SQL statements
• Interview prep: Review key SQL concepts and command families

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